Kutai Kartanegara Regency will be
one of the areas decided by President Joko Widodo as the new capital of the
Republic of Indonesia. "The most ideal location of the new capital city is
North Penajam Paser Regency and part of the Kutai Kartanegara Regency in East
Kalimantan," Jokowi said at the Presidential Palace, Jakarta, Monday
(8/26).
Administratively, Kutai
Kartanegara Regency is divided into 18 Kecamatan areas and 238 villages /
kelurahan. With an area of 27,263.10 km2 and water area of more than 4000
km2, this area has a diversity of natural resources including the tourism sector.
Various types of tourist objects and attractions in this area ranging from
natural attractions (such as beaches, lakes, rivers, nature reserves with rare
fauna), cultural tourism (Erau Festival of the Kutai Kartanegara Sultanate) in
Tenggarong Cerau Indigenous Kingdom of the Kutai Mulawarman Kingdom in Muara
Kaman other cultures ), educational tours (Jagad Raya Planetarium, Timber
Museum), special interest tours (waterfalls, caves, wild orchids, canopy
bridges, Borneo Orangutan Survival), to artificial tours (Kumala Island and
Panji-Sukarame Reservoir).
Around 400 AD, in East Kalimantan
there is a kingdom named Kutai Martadipura (Kutai Mulawarman) which is a Hindu
kingdom which is regulated in Muara Kaman, a place in the interior of
Kalimantan and is ± 133 km from Samarinda City.
The existence of this kingdom is
evidenced by the discovery of the Yupa inscription (stone bearing the pallawa)
as many as four pieces that explain the existence of Hindu-Buddhist patterned
civilization at the beginning of the millennium. While at the same time,
regional contributions are still covered by historical darkness. The first and
most famous king of the Kutai Martadipura Kingdom was King Mulawarman Nala
Dewa. It was said, if the ascension to the throne from Mulawarman was proven by
giving 20 thousand head of cattle to the Brahmins who made Mulawarman the king.
However, more information about Mulawarman remains a mystery and will be
revealed.
It was only in the 13th century
that information about the Kutai kings began to be revealed from the
manuscript, which spoke of the chronology of the kings between the Kutai
Mulawarman Kingdom, which began as a country in the 4th Century. Then in the
14th century at the Mahakam River Estuary, search the screen seams , stood a
Kartanegara Kebataraan met Singosari and until the Majapahit Age the first
Batara Kutai Kertanagara was Adji Betara the Great God of Sakti, and had an
empress named Princess Karang Melenu.
During this time, Islam had
emerged as a political force in East Kalimantan, and Islam entered the Kutai
Kertanegara Pangerabab which was under the Banjar Sultanate during the time of
King Adji Mahkota in 1525 AD, and had the title Adji Mahkota Mulia Islam. The
entry and development of Islam in Kutai, is inseparable from the services of
two well-known scholars / preachers named Sheikh Abdul Qodir Khatib Tunggal who
had the title Datuk Ri Bandang and Datuk Ri Tiro who held the title Tuanku
Tunggang Parangan. In some history books, it is reported that Datuk Ri Bandang
was a famous cleric from Minang Kabau origin who was sent by the Sultan of Aceh
to spread Islam to the Eastern Archipelago in the early 17th Century.
Around the 17th century, during
the reign held by Adji Pangeran Sinum Panji Mendapa, managed to get a gift from
the VOC with 7 VC ships fighting the kingdom of Kutai Martadipura (Kutai
Mulawarman) in Muara Kaman which is currently disputed by King Dermasetia in
1635 AD in Defeat by the VOC and a New Kingdom Appears in Pantun (River Runaway
Nobility Mulawarman They Form an Emergency Government) and the Intellectuals of
the Intellectuals and Spiritual as well as the Executors of the Benuak Tribe
and the Warriors of the Tunjung Tribe Establishing Government in Karang Sari
Pinang Sentawar and in Kedang Made Runaway area in Batang Lunang Lamin Indu
Anjat.
Through VOC Power in the 18th
Century the Kutai Kartanegara Kingdom was made the VOC of the Sultanate and the
First Sultan Named Sultan Aji Moh. Idris is a descendant of Raja Wajo and until
1947, the Kutai Kartanegara Sultanate with the status of the Kutai Swapraja
Region entered the East Kalimantan Federation along with 4 other Sultanates
such as Bulungan, Sambaliung, Gunung Tabur and Pasir. And with the end of the
Kutai Special Region, the Sultan of Kutai Kartanegara ing Martadipura.
The Government of the Regency of
Kutai Kartanegara is a continuation of the Sultanate of Kutai Kartanegara Ing
Martadipura. In 1947, the Sultanate changed its status to a state government
with the name of the Kutai Swapraja District. In 1955 it changed again to the
Kutai Special Region (1953). In 1959, after changing the Kodya Balikpapan and
Samarinda, the name of the area changed again to Kutai Regency. In 1999, the
area was divided into 3 Regencies (Kutai, West Kutai, East Kutai) and 1 City
(Bontang), and since 2002 the Kutai Regency has changed its name to Kutai
Kartanegara Regency.
The Kutai Kartanegara Regency is
a continuation of the Kutai Regency before the regional division occurred in
1999. The Kutai Regency itself, including Balikpapan, Bontang and Samarinda,
was previously the territory of the Kutai Kartanegara Sultanate in Martadipura.
At the Special Session of the
Regional Parliament of the Kutai Special Region on January 21, 1960, Sultan
Kutai Kartanegara A.M. Raden Padmo as the Regent of Kutai, Captain Soedjono as
Mayor of Samarinda and A.R.S. Muhammad as mayor of Balikpapan. To determine
Kutai District as a region resulting from the division, this regency was
eventually replaced by Kutai Kartanegara Regency through Government Regulation
No. 8 of 2002 concerning "Changing the Name of the District of Kutai to
Regency of Kutai Kartanegara".
In 2001 the history of the
kingdom of Kutai Martadipura was renamed by his heir to the name of the kingdom
of Kutai Mulawarman and on 03-09 September 2001, confusion in the title of the
Kutai Mulawarman Maharaja with the title of Sultan Srinala Praditha
Alpiansyahrechza Kartanegara Regarding the Return of Indigenous Culture in the
Kutai Mulawarman Kingdom.
While on the date of September
28, 2001, the Crown Prince of the Sultan was ordained with the title of Sultan
Aji Muhammad Salehuddin II with his Cultural Rights and Toratas limited to the
Kutai Kartanegara Palace.
Both of these Regulated
Institutions both have Indigenous Cultural Rights in each of their descendants
and hold their Purus Ropes and have a Different Place between Tenggarong
belonging to the Sultan and Muara kaman belonging to Maharaja.
The name of the Regency of Kutai
Kartanegara comes from the President of the Republic of Indonesia Abdurrahman
Wahid compilation of the National Conference I Association of the District
Government of All Indonesia (APKASI) in Tenggarong in 2000.
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